1 、"We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own; disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learning."

*部分同意

意見相同的人有共同關(guān)心的問題，容易交流，可以學(xué)到

In addition, their views reveal the importance and the core of our work and their positive suggestions could provide us a more insightful understanding of the topic and more thoughts for further work. However, all the help described above can only promise our success in completeness of our own ideas about the topic. Breakthrough will be hardly achieved because it requires a distinct vision never created before to lead people. Without different opinions, it is difficult to jump out from our own myopic thinking.

* 我們通常從和我們意見統(tǒng)一的人那里學(xué)到的東西比從和我們意見相悖的人那里學(xué)到的東西多的多；意見分歧阻礙了學(xué)習(xí)。

① 與意見相同的人效率高。大家基本觀點一致，氣氛比較和諧，還可能是受的教育相同。如：有時遇到一個問題，會傾向于和自己有相同觀點的人討論，和其他人根本談不來。

② 承認(rèn)有時與意見相背的人討論時降低效率的。A 有時根本立場就不一樣，根本無法達(dá)成一致。B 有時純粹就是爭論而忘了初始的目的。

③ 和意見相背的人在一起還有可能難以提高A 一方面可能壓力較大而不說出意見 B 可能難以接受自己的意見被駁斥is little harder or even bitte r to accept opposite views

④ 但是也能從意見相背的人那里學(xué)到很多。和同樣的人在一起，有相同的思考方法和論點，無法獲得進(jìn)步。而意見相背的人，可以 A 提供新的思路 如：不同學(xué)科的學(xué)生可能傾向于使用不同的分析方法 B 給出我們所不了解的實證經(jīng)驗，如：文化傳統(tǒng)或立場不同而對一件事情有著不同的看法。

Although we can learn knowledge from people whose views we share, the knowledge is limited, since the sphere of knowledge of the people who share the same opinion ar e confined to the same level of cognition with us.

It will be quite different if we communicate with people whose views contradict to ours. Admittedly that, it is little harder or even bitte r to accept opposite views for us due to our self-assertion is impaired caused by other's challenge.

2 、"Competition is ultimately more benefici al than detrimental to society."

*同意，防止不良競爭

1、經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域，競爭可以提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新更好的質(zhì)量、服務(wù)、創(chuàng)新的動力，消費者受益

2、政治領(lǐng)域，競爭可以選出有能力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，人民受益競爭中，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者承諾福利，個人能力；防止無能政府

3、不良競爭對社會帶來問題，如壓力，不正當(dāng)競爭，學(xué)生成績競爭；工作崗位競爭；immoral 競爭，slag off behind the back

2T "Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to society."

歸根結(jié)底，競爭對于社會是利多弊少。

①使得更有效率。A 同事之間競爭 B優(yōu)勝劣汰

②增加社會福利。如：競選時，使得民眾對于該選誰更清晰。

③當(dāng)競爭失控時，會有問題。如：超出法律和道德的界限

④導(dǎo)致社會上人們普遍壓力增大

Through competing, the one who is most eligible is put on the right place, and then will produce much more values than those who are not competent as he or she.

While, on the other hand, if a competition is fraught with adulteration and illegality, it will bring deterioration to the society rather than progress. A case in point is related to market economy.